Saturday, August 22, 2020

Analyzing a Job Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Examining a Job - Essay Example These portrayals are detailed by the human asset division of the organization; they are shown up at after the workforce necessities are completely investigated since the depiction would give the sort of candidates that the firm would get. A section from negligible endeavors and the specialized abilities that are of importance in embraced these duties, the subtleties ought to incorporate such close to home highlights that would facilitate the procedure of one holding the position. As such, the firm guarantees that the workers it in the end recruits would be of the attributes that would be anything but difficult to viably oversee (Thomas and Michael, 2001). A New York accommodation firm, Travel care organization Limited, has for as far back as three years worked in the American market offering such administrations in inn booking, flight ticketing, vehicle rental and employing . The organization has chosen to wander into the visit business just because. The firm is, along these lines, differentiating its administrations and is extending to different urban areas in America too. Their first goal following this enhancement is the city of Los Angels. Various new positions have, accordingly, been made and the firm plans to recruit a few of these inside the five weeks going before the conventional opening of the Los Angel’s workplaces. Following the arranged enhancement of the firm, two crucial offices have been made and would along these lines require staffing. It is with that impact that this reminder looks for legitimacy. The firm will look to utilize twenty five drivers and visit aides of comparative number. The people will react the head of division on the travel industry from which requests and terms of day by day commitment will be conveyed on everyday schedule. They will be entrusted with the order of taking the visitors on safaris. Their primary undertaking will be to guarantee that the visitors get

Wednesday, July 15, 2020

An Invalidating Environment May Be a Cause of BPD

An Invalidating Environment May Be a Cause of BPD More in BPD Diagnosis Treatment Living With BPD Related Conditions Growing up in an environment perceived as invalidating is one factor commonly discussed as contributing to the development of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Coupled with a genetic tendency to be over-emotional, an invalidating environment is theorized to be one of the two major causes of BPD. What an Invalidating Environment Looks Like In this sense, to invalidate means to attack or question the foundation or reality of a person’s feelings. This can be done by denying, ridiculing, ignoring, or judging another’s feelings. Regardless of the means, the effect is clear: the persons feelings are “wrong.” An environment perceived as invalidating generally means that the child grows up feeling that his emotional responses are not correct or considered in the regular course of things. Over time, this can result in confusion and a general distrust of a person’s own emotions. Invalidation Can Be Subtle An invalidating environment is not the same thing as an abusive environment, although abusive relationships are certainly invalidating. Invalidation can be quite subtle and may reflect a general way of interacting. It is generally characterized by intolerance of the expression of emotional experiences, which often leads to extreme displays of emotion. Marsha M. Linehan, a borderline personality disorder clinician, and researcher proposed the idea that the development of BPD happens during the developmental years, where the child receives the message that he or she should learn to cope with emotions internally and without support from his or her parents. As a result, the child never learns how to regulate or tolerate her own emotions, and fails to learn how to solve the problems that are inciting these emotions. Some Forms of Praise May Also Be Invalidating Validation is not the same thing as praise; it is more an acknowledgment of the person, whereas praise is just a compliment. To validate someone is to acknowledge the feelings involved, regardless of whether you agree with how the other person is feeling or not. Praise addresses the action or behavior without addressing the emotion behind it. Praise can also be invalidated because although a child’s behavior is acknowledged and reinforced, the effort or negative feeling they have is not addressed. This can cause the child to feel that his total experience is not accepted, or even dismissed. An Example of Invalidation Disguised as Praise A few examples can help explain much better how validation differs from praise and how invalidation can actually be disguised as praise. A young child goes into the classroom by herself on the first day of school, although she is scared. Praising her would be a simple, “Good job!” On the other hand, “You were so brave to go in even though you were scared. It couldnt have been easy. What a good job you did,” validates the troubling feelings, remarks on the effort overcoming those feelings took, and praises the effort. However, it is possible to praise while being invalidating at the same time: “Good job. Now, don’t you see how silly you were being?” This response invalidates the feelings the child was having by calling them “silly,” despite the praising of the behavior. Hidden Invalidation Those who grow up with invalidating comments, especially those that are disguised as praise and support, can find it difficult to see the difference between these comments and validating comments. Not only does the child feel the discomfort that comes from invalidation disguised as praise, but those not directly involved in the dynamics may not recognize this either. Other adults, instead of recognizing the impact these invalidating comments disguised as praise may have on a child, might dismiss the resultant insecurity or sadness of the child as over-sensitivity on the part of the child rather than lack of thoughtfulness on the part of the parent. Perception Is Also a Factor   It is important to remember that people tend to experience relationships and interactions differently. This means that what one person experiences as an invalidating environment is not necessarily experienced as such by another. It is possible that individual temperaments affect a person’s general sensitivity to invalidation, but everyone has times when they are more vulnerable or sensitive. It is important to note, however, that invalidationâ€"as it relates to the development of borderline personality disorderâ€"is not a periodic experience, but a pervasive one. It is not one invalidating experience that leads to BPD but rather a complex and repeated exposure to situations in which feelings and thoughts are simply considered unimportant.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Substance of Life - 1234 Words

I think that overall life is a grand mystery where we all at some point wish to find our purpose and meaning of life. I believe the substance of life is spiritual for most people but I’m somewhat indecisive. It is kind of hard to determine if I believe in God because it is what was taught, or do I believe in a higher spiritual being to cope with life. Belief in a God is common and different religions praise different forms of God. God is frequently called the ultimate judge, with equal attributes to supernatural powers. This creates a debate in those that are judgmental. It allows developing behavior to be based on new principles of right and wrong. Behavior that deviates might otherwise be blocked out by the sensibilities that the†¦show more content†¦I try notice key word â€Å"try† to live my life like any day could be the last because change and death can strike anyone at anytime. I think everyone should live this way but not in a reckless, carefree manner. Just live and be mindful that life is fragile and that should change your outlook on things. Privilege seems to be invisible, so I understand how I often take things for granted. When bad things happen that interrupt what’s normal for us, we just want things to go back to how they were. Situations like these make me look at how I should live my life and about what is important. Things that may have bothered me before then seem to be minute or very petty. This allows me to focus on the important things and putting them into perspective. It helps me prioritize and focus on bettering myself, kind of a reminder to do some soul searching. The common saying â€Å"I was born alone and will die alone† is a true statement but what matters most is what I do while I’m alive. I believe that if I focus on my purpose it will help me see people in their true form, flaws and all. It’s much simpler to accept someone as they really are so that you will not be disappointed in knowing they can’t complete you. It will also help me become a better person and discover for myself possibly what my ultimate purpose is. In thinking this way I sometime s feel that nothing reallyShow MoreRelatedSubstance Abuse : An Individual s Life1608 Words   |  7 PagesSubstance abuse can be very detrimental to an individual’s life. According to the World Health Organization, substance abuse is defined as, â€Å"the harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and illicit drugs† (2015). It does not matter what type of substance a person abuses, any one of them can alter one’s perception, judgement, and physical control, which leads a person being destructive in the future. If a person is fully dependent on a substance, by the time they withdrawRead MoreThe Substance Abuse/Life Circumstance Evaluation. The Salce1639 Words   |  7 PagesTHE SUBSTANCE ABUSE/LIFE CIRCUMSTANCE EVALUATION The SALCE model processes assessment of a character’s substance use/abuse by way of analyzing a broad variety of behavior. This version simulates the techniques and tactics that might be hired inside the personal interview system. It focuses on, and examines, styles of client solutions as opposed to relying generally on the client answers to the SALCE assessment tool. The intention of this assessment is to reach at the of adapted action to accompanyRead MoreThe Effects Of Substance Abuse On A Person s Life Essay1528 Words   |  7 Pagesknow people who have used or been around substances during their lifetime. We can even categorize these people as the person who is having a good time at a party, or the person who is a drunk and or drug dealer. It also doesn’t come as a shock to us when we find out these people taking the substances too far are now in rehab. But what distinguishes this fine line between the person socializing at a party to the person withdrawing in rehab? As certain substances are generally known to create an addictionRead MoreLife Core A Facility For Adults With Substance Addiction901 Words   |  4 PagesThe names of the speaker was Stephanie Stout, which included Madison Nabors, and Dale Nabors, they all share employment at Life Core a facility for adults with substance addiction. Stephanie is a Peer Specialists that help clients recover from their addiction. I know a little something about how person acts after a drug overdose. The hospital that I work at drug overdose is common. I sit with a lot these patients because when they come out their comatose state, their first actions are to get outRead MoreLife Skills in Substance Abuse and Mental Health Treatment903 Words   |  4 PagesLife Skills in Substance Abuse and Mental Health Treatment School of Advanced Studies, University of Phoenix Wesley Tyler Meredith Ward Substance Abuse and Mental Health Treatment Recidivism relates to a person repeating an undesirable behavior after they have either experienced negative consequences of that behavior, or have been treated or trained to extinguish that behavior (Henslin, 2008). Progress being made in families and individuals due to lack of life skills that lead to causal factorsRead MoreMy Life As A Recovery From Substance Addiction1849 Words   |  8 PagesMy life’s purpose; why am I here and what do I want to accomplish? Clearly, having gone through something as significant as recovery from substance addiction, my idea of what my purpose in life is changed significantly some years ago. While I don’t intend to victimize myself for choices that were my own, its significance and impact on my life cannot be understated. When I ask myself what I want to accomplish, I have a tendency to answer the much larger, broader questions. Rather than simply thinkRead MoreSubstances Include Those Like Stressful Life Events Such1690 Words   |  7 Pagessubstances include those like stressful life events such as illness, divorce, conflict in relationships, poor social supports from peers and parents, lack of quality relationships, frequent conflicts and arguments in relationships, and supportive relationships with parents (Rogers, 2016). Suicide Suicide among adolescents, has been an increasing problem over the past several decades. Suicide is now the third leading cause of death for young people ages 15 to 24, accounting for 20% of all suicidalRead MoreSubstance Abuse and Mental Health Treatment Barriers: Military Life vs. Civilian Life1259 Words   |  6 PagesSubstance Abuse and Mental Health Treatment Barriers: Military Life vs. Civilian Life Marina Herrera Butte College Abstract This paper explores the interesting relationship between substance abuse and mental health problems among military and civilian life. As well as stigma barriers to treatment within a military vs. a civilian setting. The article â€Å"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Treatment in the Military: Lessons Learned and a Way Forward† written by Katie Witkiewitz and ArmandoRead MoreWhat Substance Covers Three Fourths Of The Earth And Is Essential For Sustaining Life2748 Words   |  11 PagesWhat substance covers three fourths of the earth and is essential for sustaining life? The answer is water; according to Maslow s hierarchy of needs pyramid water is placed at the bottom, which is the foundation of the pyramid, this means that water is one of the foundations of life and essential for living on this earth. Although the earth is made of seventy five percent of water only about two percent of it is safe for proper use and consumption and what s worse the only two percent of waterR ead MoreMy Mother s Life : An Article Or Substance That Is Manufactured Or Refined For Sale? Essay2129 Words   |  9 Pageswere wrong and a girl Arely Martinez was alive . Everytime I hear this story I do not know what to be more shocked about the fact that I was thought dead or that the doctors referred to me as a â€Å"product†, which according to Google is â€Å"an article or substance that is manufactured or refined for sale.† However, now that I think of it they were not all too wrong, with the way society treats individuals it seems that our lives are just â€Å"products† to this capitalist society. With a complicated start came

I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings Free Essays

Lee 1 Nadia Lee English 2 Mr. List 19 January 2013 I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings By: Maya Angelou 1. Before I chose this poem, I was thinking about choosing a couple of other ones when I finally realized that this poem caught my eye the most. We will write a custom essay sample on I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings or any similar topic only for you Order Now I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings helped me realize the benefits and consequences from both sides in life. I found this poem in Google under the category that said â€Å"poems that talk about life†. If you read this poem and take it literally, than it will mean nothing, but if you take it to the next level by comparing it to life, than it will mean so much more. . The author of this poem is Maya Angelou who is a famous well known poet throughout the world. Angelou is an African American who went through so much pain during her youth years. Angelou was just a child when African Americans were being discriminated by whites. When she was eight years old, her mother’s boyfriend, Freeman, raped and sexually abused Angelou. She then told her brother who later took Freeman to court finding him guilty. After he was released from jail, one of Angelou’s uncles murdered Freeman later turning Angelou into a mute. Angelou stayed mute for five years, but within those years was when she developed a passion for books and literature. Throughout the years, Angelou has written many poems such as On the Pulse of Morning and Just Give Me a Cool Drink of Water ‘Fore I Diiie. 3. I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings was chosen as the title of this poem because it talks about how people in life struggle through so many things and that we must hold on to hope in order to keep moving on in life. Angelou put this as the title because it represents who she is and Lee 2 what she went through. She knows why the caged bird sings because she is the caged bird. The title tells us that this poem is going to talk about what Angelou felt and her experiences of her youth. The caged bird and Angelou have so many things in common. Both have been restricted and need to be let free. This title does reflect the overall theme of this poem. It actually explains so much more of the theme rather than the poem itself. I don’t believe that this poem needs an alternative title. It tells the reader everything already. It already touched my heart and I believe that it’s the perfect title. . I would say that this poem would be a lyrical type of poem. This poem expresses a lot of feelings and emotions that allows the reader to understand what the poet felt. This poem expresses the feelings of being alone, locked up and wanting to be free. I believe that the speaker of this poem is someone who is like a bystander. This bystander is observing one bird that is caged and another that i s free. The situation is that the caged bird is trying to be like the free bird by spreading out its wings, but can’t because of its oppressor making it impossible for him to fly. 5. This poem is written in free verse meaning that it contains no definite meter or a pattern of the rhyme scheme. It is divided into six stanzas containing four to eight lines within each stanza. Each line does not contain a lot of words and the poet makes it short and simple. 6. â€Å"The free bird leaps / on the back of the wind / and floats downstream / till the current ends / and dips his wings / in the orange sun rays / and dares to claim the sky. † This is an example of imagery where Angelou allows us to imagine a bird flying in the sky. The poet did not include any sounds devices in this poem. This poem contains many personifications and metaphors such as â€Å"But a caged bird stands on the grave of dreams† (metaphor). Angelou uses the caged bird and the free bird as an analogy that talks about her life. 7. This poem talks about two birds, one that is free and another that is locked up. Angelou talks about how the free bird is independent and does whatever it wants while the caged bird just Lee 3 hops around in his cage singing. She is comparing the lives of these two birds. The theme is about Angelou’s struggle to survive and how she grew up in a cruel world. The first stanza talks about how the free bird flies endlessly in the sky and floats down a stream relaxing. This stanza is telling us how there are people in this world who are not afraid of anything and can do whatever they please. To them, there is nothing that is troubling them and life is perfect. The second and third stanza then switches over to the caged bird and talks about how he does not have enough space to walk around. The only thing this bird can do is to sing about his rage. These stanzas tell us that there are those like Angelou who don’t possess what others have and uses the only thing they have. The only thing that they possess is hope and without hope there is nothing at all. The fourth stanza talk about how the free bird is provided with everything it needs. If you compare this to life than it tells us how there are others who are spoiled and well cared for. The fifth stanza talks about how the caged bird only has his voice because everything he used to have are now gone. Even though some people don’t have what they need, they still make the best of what they have left. The last and final stanza repeats the third stanza. All we can do is to dream and wish for what we want while living life the best we can. How to cite I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, Papers I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings Free Essays Reading is an ongoing theme through Maya’s childhood and books even become her lifeline after Mr. Freeman rapes her. They give her an escape from her immediate world as well as the opportunity to find poetry. We will write a custom essay sample on I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is not until Mrs. Bertha Flowers reads aloud to her that she recognizes beauty in the sound of the words and she is shown the aesthetic pleasure available. This offsets the abuse she has suffered and gives her the opportunity to engage with the world once more. It could be argued that, in turn, Angelou’s volumes of autobiographies also offer a form of inspiration that challenges the dominant ideology of racism. Through her written words, she invites one to question the de-humanizing effects of racism and encourages a move from passivity to activism. Racism As Angelou recounts memories of her childhood in Stamps, she manages to maintain a double-edged view of the South. Although she is careful to let the readers know of humorous occurrences, she balances this throughout with reminders of how entrenched racism de-humanizes and terrifies those who are regarded as being at the bottom of the hierarchy. She describes the complete segregation of the town and how African-Americans have been taught to dread the ‘whitefolks’ and is trained by Momma to never be insolent (because of the fear of retribution). I Know Why a Caged Bird Sings stands as a testament to the bravery of those who have been oppressed but not silenced by this deeply racist society. As the eponymous caged bird, that is taught the necessity of living a restricted life through fear, Angelou’s work shows a refusal to be silenced. Sense of Belonging In this memoir, Angelou refers vividly to instances when she feels as though she has been on the outside looking in and it is not until she lives in San Francisco and later lives as a homeless person that she finds acceptance. Before these times, it is as though she is an exile in her family and neighborhood. In the Prologue, she relates to the truth in the poem, that she has not come to stay and experiences this same emotion in St Louis when she first returns to Mother. In San Francisco, she thrives in the newly burgeoning African-American community and as one of many underage homeless persons in the disused car lot she finds the acceptance of her peers that she has been craving. I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings: Top Ten Quotes 1. Wouldn’t they be surprised when one day I woke out of my black ugly dream, and my real hair, which was long and blonde, would take the place of the kinky mass that Momma wouldn’t let me straighten? p. 4 Maya’s self-loathing is revealed here as she describes her idea of beauty. It is as though she has internalized the racist views that see Aryan-white characteristics as the ideal. 2. It was when the owners of cotton fields dropped the payment of ten cents for a pound of cotton to eight, seven and finally five that the Negro community realized that the Depression, at least, did not discriminate. p. 49 This reference describes the slow yet powerful impact of the Depression on the African-American communities in the South in the 1930s. 3. I could feel the evilness flowing through my body and waiting, pent up, to rush off my tongue if I tried to open my mouth. I clamped my teeth shut, I’d hold it in. If it escaped, wouldn’t it flood the world and all the innocent people? p. 84 Maya experiences guilt at this juncture for the death of Mr Freeman. She connects her lie in court (when she said he did not touch her before the rape) with his murder and decides at this point to stop speaking. She believes her words are somehow to blame and decides shortly after to stop talking. 4. Every person I knew had a hellish horror of being ‘called out of his name’. It was a dangerous practice to call a Negro anything that could be loosely construed as insulting because of the centuries of their having been called niggers, jigs, dinges, blackbirds, crows, boots and spooks. p. 105 This quotation comes when Maya works for a white woman (Mrs Viola Cullinan), who decides to call her ‘Mary’ instead of ‘Margaret’. 5. The Black woman in the South who raises sons, grandsons and nephews had her heartstrings tied to a hanging noose. Any break from routine may herald for them unbearable news. For this reason, Southern Blacks until the present generation could be counted among America’s arch conservatives.  p. 110 Here, Maya captures the anxiety of Momma as she waits for Bailey to come home. He is later than expected and her fear for his safety is explained in relation to the dreaded possibility that he may have been lynched. 6. All the Negroes had to do generally, and those at the revival especially, was bear up under this life of toils and cares, because a blessed home awaited them in the far-off bye and bye. p. 125 In this reference, Maya uses a strong measure of irony to challenge the tenet that the meek shall inherit the earth. By questioning this, she undermines both racism and passivity to racism. 7. It was our people falling. It was another lynching, yet another Black man hanging on a tree. One more woman ambushed and raped. A Black boy whipped and maimed. It was hounds on the trail of a man running through slimy swamps. It was a white woman slapping her maid for being forgetful. p. 131 This comes when Maya, her family and neighbors (from near and far) crowd into the Store to listen to the radio broadcast of Joe Louis boxing. The quotation captures the political and social significance of why he must not be beaten. 8. The white kids were going to have a chance to become Galileos and Madame Curies and Edisons and Gaugins, and our boys (the girls weren’t even in on it) would try to be Jesse Owenses and Joe Louises. p. 174 At the much anticipated graduation, Maya is disappointed with the white visiting speaker (Donleavy) for exposing the schoolchildren to the limits of their opportunities. This is, of course, also a critique of the wider society that has encouraged the segregation of school children and the separate but not equal treatment of African-Americans. 9. The needs of a society determine its ethics, and in the Black American ghettos the hero is that man who is offered only the crumbs from his country’s table but by ingenuity and courage is able to take for himself a Lucullan feast. p. 218 In this reference, Maya explains the divisive effect of racism and how this influences responses to crime and justice. As she points out, ‘the needs of a society determine its ethics’ and this redefines who the criminals actually are. 10. The incident was a recurring dream, concocted years before by stupid whites and it eternally came back to haunt us all. The secretary and I were like Hamlet and Laertes in the final scene, where, because of harm done by one ancestor to another, we were bound to duel to the death. p. 260 This somewhat poetic description of how Maya struggles to gain work on the street-cars, despite the company’s racist employment policy, is undercut in the next few sentences. After looking into the hard eyes of a white ‘conducterette’ on the way home, she sees ‘the whole charade’ as having everything to do with her ‘being black and the receptionist being white’. Summary Chapter Twenty Four is concerned with Maya’s toothache and we are told there is not enough enamel left on the offending two teeth for Momma to tie string around and yank them out. There are no African-American dentists or doctors in Stamps – the nearest one is 25 miles away – so Momma says she will take her to (white) Dr. Lincoln in town as he owes her a favor. Analysis In Chapter Twenty Four, the impact of segregation and racist ideology in Stamps is referred to in relation to what should be a simple trip to the dentist. Dr Lincoln’s espoused policy (that he will not put his hand in a ‘nigger’s’ mouth) epitomizes the irrational yet deeply-seated racism of their environment. His hypocrisy is all the more difficult to comprehend when we are told that his business had been saved by the loan he took from Momma. The injustices of the town are also thought to be behind the reason for Momma taking Bailey and Maya to California. It is never explained in these terms, but it tallies with the time period, which comes shortly after Bailey witnesses the hatred of the whites towards African-Americans once more. How to cite I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, Papers

Saturday, April 25, 2020

Mechatronics free essay sample

Session 3666 Mechatronics Engineering Laboratory Development at San Jose State University J. C. Wang, B. J. Furman, T. R. Hsu, P. Hsu, P. Reischl and F. Barez Departments of Electrical Engineering and Mechanical Engineering San Jose State University San Jose, California, 95192. USA. Abstract The Mechanical Engineering Department of San Jose State University has been developing a new mechatronics engineering laboratory since Fall 1995.This laboratory is intended to provide engineering students on the application of electronics, microprocessors and software in designing electro-mechanical systems , mechatronics products and process control systems. The laboratory development is a principal part of an award for â€Å" Undergraduate Curriculum Development on Mechatronics System Engineering † by the division of undergraduate education of the National Science Foundation (NSF).Major task of the new laboratory is to support instruction and provide hands-on study of two of the five new courses : ME106 Fundamentals of Mechatronics System Engineering and ME 190 Mechatronics System Design. This paper presents the progress made in developing the new mechatronics engineering laboratory. We will write a custom essay sample on Mechatronics or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 1. Introduction The rapid advances of microprocessor and microcomputer technologies in the 1980s have broadened the application of mechatronics to many products and systems, ranging from common household electromechanical products to highly sophisticated space gadgetry and devices.A broader definition of Mechatronics being adopted by the team of instructors at San Jose State University ( SJSU ) is that mechatronics is a technology that relates to the design and manufacture of intelligent products or processes involving hybrid mechanical and electronic functions.

Wednesday, March 18, 2020

Antibiotics - Discovery and Resistance

Antibiotics - Discovery and Resistance Antibiotics and antimicrobial agents are drugs or chemicals that are used to kill or hinder the growth of bacteria. Antibiotics specifically target bacteria for destruction while leaving other cells of the body unharmed. Under normal conditions, our immune system is capable of handling the germs that invade the body. Certain white blood cells known as lymphocytes protect the body against cancerous cells, pathogens (bacteria, viruses, parasites), and foreign matter. They produce antibodies which bind to a specific antigen (disease causing agent) and label the antigen for destruction by other white blood cells. When our immune system gets overwhelmed, antibiotics can be useful in assisting the bodys natural defenses in controlling bacterial infections. While antibiotics have proven to be powerful antibacterial agents, they are not effective against viruses. Viruses are not independent living organisms. They infect cells and rely on the hosts cellular machinery for viral replication. Antibiotics Discovery Penicillin was the first antibiotic to be discovered. Penicillin is derived from a substance produced from molds of the Penicillium fungi. Penicillin works by disrupting bacterial cell wall assembly processes and interfering with bacterial reproduction. Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928, but it wasnt until the 1940s that antibiotic use revolutionized medical care and substantially reduced death rates and illnesses from bacterial infections. Today, other penicillin-related antibiotics including ampicillin, amoxicillin,  methicillin, and flucloxacillin are used to treat a variety of infections. Antibiotic Resistance Antibiotic resistance is becoming more and more common. Due to the prevalent use of antibiotics, resistant strains of bacteria are becoming much more difficult to treat. Antibiotic resistance has been observed in bacteria such as E.coli and MRSA. These super bugs represent a threat to public health since they are resistant to most commonly used antibiotics. Health officials warn that antibiotics should not be used to treat common colds, most sore throats, or the flu because these infections are caused by viruses. When used unnecessarily, antibiotics can lead to the spread of resistant bacteria. Some strains of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria have become resistant to antibiotics. These common bacteria infect about 30 percent of all people. In some people, S. aureus is a part of the normal group of bacteria that inhabit the body and may be found in areas such as the skin and the nasal cavities. While some staph strains are harmless, others pose serious health problems including foodborne illness, skin infections, heart disease, and meningitis. S. aureus bacteria favor the iron which is contained within the oxygen-carrying protein hemoglobin found within red blood cells. S. aureus bacteria break open blood cells to obtain the iron within the cells. Changes within some strains of S. aureus have helped them to survive antibiotic treatments. Current antibiotics work by disrupting so-called cell viability processes. Disruption of cell membrane assembly processes or DNA translation are common modes of operation for current generation antibiotics. To combat this, S. aureus have devel oped a single gene mutation that alters the organisms cell wall. This enables them to prevent breaches of the cell wall by antibiotic substances. Other antibiotic resistant bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, produce a protein called MurM. This protein counteracts the effects of antibiotics by helping to rebuild the bacterial cell wall. Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Scientists are taking various approaches to deal with the issue of antibiotic resistance. One method focuses on interrupting the cellular processes involved in the sharing of genes among bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae. These bacteria share resistant genes among themselves and can even bind to DNA in their environment and transport the DNA across the bacterial cell membrane. The new DNA containing the resistant genes is then incorporated into the bacterial cells DNA. Using antibiotics to treat this type of infection can actually induce this transfer of genes. Researchers are focusing on ways to block certain bacterial proteins to prevent the transfer of genes between bacteria. Another approach to fighting antibiotic resistance actually focuses on keeping the bacteria alive. Instead of trying to kill the resistant bacteria, scientists are looking to disarm them and make them incapable of causing infection. The intent of this approach is to keep the bacteria alive, but harmle ss. It is thought that this will help prevent the development and spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria. As scientists better understand how bacteria gain resistance to antibiotics, improved methods for treating antibiotic resistance can be developed. Learn more about antibiotics and antibiotic resistance: Scientists Target Bacterial Transfer of Resistance GenesDisarming Disease-Causing BacteriaBacteria Discovery Could Lead to Antibiotics Alternatives Sources: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Get Smart: Know When Antibiotics Work. Updated 05/01/12. cdc.gov/getsmart/antibiotic-use/antibiotic-resistance-faqs.html

Sunday, March 1, 2020

People vs. Persons

People vs. Persons People vs. Persons People vs. Persons By Mark Nichol What’s the difference between people and persons? The fast-and-loose answer is that people is correct and persons is wrong; the former word has supplanted the latter as the plural form of person. At one time, the distinction between the terms was that people is a mass noun referring to an undetermined number of humans (â€Å"I’ve known a lot of people like that†), while persons is employed when the quantity is known (â€Å"Seven persons were apprehended†). Persons is still appropriate in legal and other formal contexts (â€Å"Authorities are seeking persons of interest†) and when referring to the human body (â€Å"A search was made of their persons†), but in one of those curious cases of illogical semantic shift, it has all but disappeared in general usage. On a related note, some readers are puzzled by peoples, but this is merely the plural form of the collective noun people; â€Å"the peoples of the Arctic region,† for example, refers to multiple distinct ethnic groups: the people of here, the people of there, and the people of the other place: the peoples. People, meanwhile, is occasionally used as a verb synonymous with populate (â€Å"We will soon people the entire planet†); the antonym is unpeople. (Populate and people share etymological origin.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Coordinating vs. Subordinating ConjunctionsAwoken or Awakened?If I Was vs. If I Were

Friday, February 14, 2020

Nuclear Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Nuclear - Assignment Example : One, it is more economical as it uses less fuel and produces more energy; two, nuclear energy lasts longer unlike fossil fuels which can be depleted; and three, well-maintained nuclear power plants do not emit substances that could harm the environment while coal and oil pollute the air when burned. (Nuclear Energy retrieved from library.thinkquest.org/3471/nuclear_energy.html) Though nuclear energy has its advantages, its disadvantages far outweigh them. Let us take the case of the Chernobyl Nuclear Plant which, in 1986, had a meltdown (Nuclear Energy retrieved from library.thinkquest.org/3471/nuclear_energy.html) meaning the fission reaction went out of control resulting to an explosion in the nuclear plant instantly killing 2 workers of the plant and contaminating hundreds or perhaps thousands more in its surroundings. Within a few months, 26 more died because of radiation contamination. It was found out later that the cause of the accident was a flaw in the design of the nuclear plant and an undertrained operator. In short, human error is to be blamed. As for the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster last March 11, 2011, it was not caused by human error but by natural calamities. The tsunami that followed the strong earthquake on that day damaged the generators and coolants resulting to a meltdown in the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant. Though no deaths f rom contamination were reported, thousands were evacuated from their homes to escape radiation contamination. There was radiation leak into the sea and radiation contamination was noted in the land, the air and even the food of the people. Too much amount of radiation in the body, as we all know, causes sickness and even death to the one contaminated. Both the Chernobyl nuclear plant meltdown and the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant disaster showed mankind how disastrous and damaging the use of nuclear energy can be. With just a small error and the wrath of Mother Nature, lives are destroyed, structures and

Saturday, February 1, 2020

KATIE'S CUSTOM ENGRAVING LOGOS Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

KATIE'S CUSTOM ENGRAVING LOGOS - Case Study Example The e-commerce business expands the consumer market beyond local. Katie is anticipating a huge opportunity of making money and is quite enthusiastic about establishing this business. Katie determines all costs associated with the establishment of the business. This business is very localized and independent with hardly any competitors or the dominant industry players. Katie considers her financial sources for investment in the business and seeks further knowledge. Her uncle tells her that at 876 images a year, Katie would have a break-even point, though selling 1000 images a year would lend her a substantial profit and payment. Although she is capable of producing over 1000 images a year, yet she is unsure about the size of the market for the custom images as well as the market share she needs to break even. Katie thinks upon the way to determine her venture’s market potential as well as of making a realistic estimation of the market share that results from that

Friday, January 24, 2020

Cooperative Learning Essay -- Education Mathematics Essays

Cooperative Learning What is cooperative learning? In their article Cooperative Learning in Mathematics, Roza Leikin and Orit Zaslavsky propose four conditions that establish a cooperative-learning setting: (1) Students learn in small groups with two to six members in a group; (2) the learning tasks in which students are engaged require that the students mutually and positively depend on one another and on the group’s work as a whole; (3) the learning environment offers all members of the group an equal opportunity to interact with one another regarding the learning tasks and encourages them to communicate their ideas in various ways, for example, verbally; and (4) each member of the group has a responsibility to contribute to the group work and is accountable for the learning process of the group. The third condition is considered to be important because it shows that cooperative learning is more than just having students form groups in a class. The purpose of cooperative learning is not just for students to work with their peers, but to also be able to interact and communicate, which is very helpful in mathematics in particular. For example, â€Å"Cooperative learning includes the following features: face-to-face interaction, positive interdependence, individual accountability, and building social skills† (Rubenstein, Beckmann, and Thompson 11). Through this technique the students will learn and grow at the same time. However, before beginning this process, there are a few things that need to be taken into consideration. Before beginning cooperative learning in a classroom the teacher needs to make decisions. Determining the size of each group is the first choice to be made; this depends on the numb... ...h one another, and therefore developing their social skills. They are learning interpersonal and small-group skills by building trust within their groups and using conflict-resolution skills. Overall, â€Å"Cooperative learning is an effective tool for building collaboration within classrooms, a major component of learning communities† (Rubenstein, Beckmann, and Thompson 11). It is a teaching strategy that, in most cases, is beneficial to all. Bibliography Davidson, Neil. Cooperative Learning in Mathematics: A Handbook for Teachers. Menlo Park, CA: Addison-Wesley, 1990. Leikin, Roza and Orit Zaslavsky. â€Å"Cooperative Learning in Mathematics.† Mathematics Teacher 92 (March 1999): 240-246. Rubenstein, Rheta N., Charlene E. Beckmann, and Denisse R. Thompson. Teaching and Learning Middle Grades Mathematics. Emeryville, CA: Key College Publishing, 2004.

Thursday, January 16, 2020

Functionalist and Conflict theories Essay

Sociology is the study of society and the behaviour patterns of a particular group or culture. In contemporary Australian society, a good understanding of this is needed in order to make better social changes to meet social needs. When it comes to trying to explain and understand society, there are two main points of view that a person can take. These are the functionalist view, which is largely based on works by Talcott Parsons, and the conflict view, sometimes referred to as Marxism, as Karl Marx made a significant contribution towards this theory. Although in most ways these views directly oppose each other, ultimately, they are both trying to do the same thing, that is, explain why society is like it is today. Functionalists see society in a relatively optimistic way. They see groups as interdependent, working together for the good of the whole society. They claim that organisations and groups are largely benevolent, and that they are there for useful purposes. A person who takes the functionalist perspective sees society as generally operating smoothly, and perceives that very little change is needed, as groups being interrelated means that change in one area will have an effect on the whole society. The functionalist view, while useful in explaining structures and functions of various groups in society, tends to gloss over the negative aspects of society, over-explaining them so that happenings which could have a large negative impact on society seem trivial and unimportant. Where consensus is not happening, it is the conflict view that has the better explanation. Read more: Functionalist Perspective on Social Media The conflict theory perceives society as stratified, that is, having significant divisions. It puts forward a more challenging, questioning view on society. People who support this view claim that in every institution there are some people with more power, opportunities and status than others. This view is about inequalities, disagreement, and the use of power to advantage some while disadvantaging others. The conflict theory is the direct opposite of functionalism in that it focuses on the negative aspects of society, and even when something is functioning relatively well, conflict theorists tend to analyse it until they do find something wrong, making a mountain out of a metaphoric molehill. So while the functionalist theory and the conflict theory are two extremes of sociological thinking, it is not necessary to take the view of either one or the other. Very rarely are situations clearly black and white. Most often, if not always, there are many shades of grey in between. Therefore it is important to take on the perspective of both theories, and figure out which aspect of a particular situation applies to which theory. A good example of just how much the two opposing views differ is to apply them both to the universal institution, the family. Functionalists see the family as a vital institution that is needed to carry out several important functions. These functions are:  ¨Regulating sexual behaviour and reproduction  ¨Socialising children  ¨Protecting children and the elderly  ¨Providing emotional support and affection for its members  ¨Serving as an important consumption unit for society’s products (Earle and Fopp, 1999) These functions generally still work well in the cases of socialisation and reproduction, care of the children and the elderly, and as an economic unit, earning and consuming. However in today’s society, where there is an increasing amount of domestic abuse as well as working single parents or two working parents, members of a family aren’t always able to provide emotional support and affection for other members. Also in today’s modern society there are a great amount of people having sex before marriage, and an alarmingly large amount of teenage pregnancy. Therefore families are not carrying out the function of regulating sexual behaviour and reproduction as much as they were twenty or thirty years ago. Functionalists often use biological comparisons, claiming that a family is like an organism, with each member having a particular role. These roles are considered natural, and must be carried out for the good of the whole family. These roles involve men going out into the workforce and taking economic leadership while the women stay at home looking after her children and husband and doing all the housework. The functionalist theory claims the nuclear family as the ‘norm’. The nuclear family consists of two parents, one of each gender, and their children living together in one household. Although this structure is still fairly typical of today’s society, it was much more prevalent in the 1950’s. Today there are many variations of the family, and only about half of families are nuclear. With divorce and single parent families steadily on the rise, and women wanting the same rights as men, functionalists are having to come up with ways to explain these occurrences. For example, with divorce, a functionalist would argue that divorce is a good thing because it means that when people marry the second time round they will have more experience and it will be more likely to last. However, this theory is considered outdated. In today’s society with a rising economy more and more women are going out into the workforce. But this extra role does not mean giving up their other role as carer. Women end up taking on two roles – that of the carer and the housewife, as well as that of a worker. This is becoming undesirable for women, making them reluctant to marry. The functionalist theory fails to take into consideration the simple fact that things change. And where the functionalist theory doesn’t quite apply, the conflict theory has the better explanation. The conflict view sees traditional roles in families as limiting women’s lives to caring for their husband and children. They claim that this arrangement is not biological at all, but socially constructed, that is, created by people. These roles have been around and accepted for so long that they seem natural, but the conflict view argues that in actual fact people have been trained over many years into thinking this way. The conflict theory emphasises disagreement and struggle as a part of any human group. Conflict theorists say that in any group there will be status issues, something will be unfair, and the power will be divided – some will give orders, others will obey. This applies to the family in that it is often, if not always, the parents giving orders to their children/teenagers, who are supposed to obey. Also, even in today’s changing society, men still often have more power than their wives. In modern Australian society, there are demographic changes in family form, and family households are considerably smaller. The changes in family arrangement and in family values have important consequences for the family as an institution. Fewer women are having large families and the marriage rate has declined, largely because of changes in attitudes to marriage and living arrangements. There is an increasing amount of not only de facto relationships, but also in the social acceptance of these relationships. The divorce rate has also increased, which then in turn influences the number of blended as well as single parent families. The conflict theory addresses these issues, and asks the important question ‘what needs to be changed in order for the family unit to survive?’ On the other hand, the functionalist theory tries to explain why these things are happening and how they benefit society. Both the functionalist and conflict theories raise some very valid and important points. Functionalism sometimes has a tendency to focus on the past, while the conflict theory places a bigger emphasis on the present. However, both theories are needed if the family is to survive in the future.

Wednesday, January 8, 2020

Why The Family Health Nurse Can Be A Useful Resource...

The public health nurse works within the community and focuses on care to the public, whether it is sick or well-care. Public health nurses collaborate with various agencies within the community to help improve or stabilize the health of the community while also promoting healthy living. Primary health promotion and prevention involve the nurse to have resources, within their community, for diverse settings such as home health agencies, public health departments, community and home health education, and nursing centers. The purpose of this paper is to discuss access to these facilities in my community and how families can benefit from using these resources. I will also discuss why the family health nurse can be a useful resource within the community. Home health care has continued to grow over the last decade due to an increase in the elderly population, chronic illnesses, increased life expectancy, and shorter hospital stays (Helbing, Snagl, Silverman, n.d.). Home health agencies a re able to provide the community with various services such as wound and surgical care, education, intravenous and nutrition therapy, injections, and monitoring illnesses or an unstable health status. The benefit of having a home health nurse is that it is cheaper than facilitating the use of a nursing facility or hospital, and the convenience of visiting the patient in their own home (Medicare.gov., n.d.). Nurses can provide patients in the community with resources to locate a home healthShow MoreRelatedIn A Hospital Setting, Healthcare Personnel More Than Often992 Words   |  4 Pagespulmonary disease. Nurses need to have knowledge about the health problems occurring within the framework of family and personal friends, the immediate community culture where individuals live, and the larger world society. 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